Macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of vision loss and blindness among individuals over the age of 50. If you've been diagnosed with this progressive eye disease, you likely have questions about what to expect and how to preserve your sight. Our team at Total Eyecare in Elko answers some key macular degeneration questions below.
What Causes Macular Degeneration?
While aging is the primary risk factor for macular degeneration, several other factors contribute to its development. Genetics, smoking, obesity, hypertension, and excessive sun exposure can all increase the likelihood of developing this condition. Macular degeneration occurs when the macula—the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision—becomes damaged. This damage often happens due to the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina that leak fluid or blood, leading to vision impairment.
How is Macular Degeneration Detected?
Early detection of macular degeneration is critical for effective treatment. Routine dilated eye exams performed by an optometrist allow for early identification of the disease. During the examination, an eye doctor will look for drusen deposits—yellowish protein deposits—under the retina and assess any changes to central vision. Advanced imaging tests, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), provide detailed images of the retina's layers, helping to detect abnormalities even before symptoms appear. Regular eye check-ups are essential since symptoms often only become noticeable once significant damage has occurred.
Can Vision Loss Be Prevented or Reversed?
While vision loss that has already occurred due to macular degeneration cannot be reversed, the progression of the disease can be significantly slowed down to help maintain your remaining sight. Lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, controlling blood pressure, and protecting your eyes from excessive UV light by wearing sunglasses can help prevent further vision loss. Incorporating a diet rich in dark leafy greens, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids also supports eye health and may slow disease progression.
What Medical Treatments are Available?
Several medical treatments are available to manage macular degeneration, especially in its wet form. Newly approved medications that target vascular growth factors can help minimize the growth and leakage of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These medications are typically administered through injections directly into the eye. Your optometrist will evaluate your specific condition to determine the most appropriate treatment plan, which may include injections, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy.
Are There Any Lifestyle Changes I Should Make?
Adopting certain lifestyle changes can play a significant role in managing macular degeneration and supporting overall eye health. Protecting your eyes from UV light exposure by wearing high-quality sunglasses is essential. It's also important to avoid smoking and limit exposure to secondhand smoke. Eating a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, zinc, lutein, and vitamins A, C, and E can support eye health. Regular exercise helps maintain healthy blood pressure and weight, reducing additional risk factors. Always follow the recommendations provided by your eye doctor to support your long-term vision health.
Learn More About Macular Degeneration Treatment in Elko, NV
Protecting your vision is paramount, and early intervention is key in managing macular degeneration effectively. Our optometrists at Total Eyecare provide specialized care to diagnose and treat macular degeneration at all stages. Contact our office in Elko to schedule a comprehensive eye exam with an eye doctor near you and discuss the best strategies to preserve your sight and maintain your quality of life.